Silvia Sánchez-Luengo et al. (2005) investigated IGF-1R expression in spermatozoa and seminal plasma from fertile and infertile men, where the presence of the IGF-1R was detected in seminal plasma from both fertile and infertile subjects but was not identified in the sperm of patients with a history of fertilization failure [136]. The gene discussed is IGF1R; the disease is Infertility.