HMGB1 and cancer: Recently, in preclinical studies, several novel molecules have been found to trigger muscle wasting in cancer, e.g., TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) [30], TNFα receptor adapter protein (TRAF6) [31], leukemia inhibitory factor [32], high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) [33], and tumor-derived microribonucleic acid (miRNAs) [34,35].