Regarding the regulatory mechanism for TIM-3, a previous study reported that TIM-3 on M2-like macrophages was, at least in part, induced by TGF-β in hepatocellular carcinoma, and a SMAD-binding site in the 5′ region of TIM-3 was identified [15]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.