Adding further nuance, targeted deletion of Col1a1 specifically from the pancreatic cancer cell compartment in KPPC; Col1pdxKO mice (LSL-KrasG12D/+; Trp53loxP/loxP; Pdx1-CreCol1a1loxP/loxP) increased mouse survival by suppressing the formation of oncogenic Col1a1 homotrimers [103]; moreover, Col1 targeting in this context enhances T-cell infiltration and checkpoint response while also impacting the tumour microbiome. This evidence concerns the gene COL1A1 and pancreatic neoplasm.