HSP60 is overexpressed in most cancers, such as colorectal cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), oral cancer [147], and esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC), whereas in bladder cancer and clear-cell renal carcinoma, HSP60 levels are significantly reduced [148]. Here, HSPD1 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.