VEGFA and myocardial infarction: In another study, vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) was revealed to be associated with increased repair by angiogenesis/arteriogenesis in hearts after myocardial infarction as its neurotransmitter acetylcholine increased VEGF-A and VEGF-B production via the m/nACh-R/PI3K/Akt/Sp1 pathway.