SIBO is associated with gastrointestinal cancerPost-operative gastric and colorectal cancer patients are more likely to develop SIBOProbiotic intervention combats SIBO in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and alleviates its symptomsTLR4 protein expression in pancreatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma patients was significantly higher in SIBO+ than SIBO− patientsThe expression levels of TLR2 and TLR4 and the incidence of SIBO in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients are significantly higher and may promote the development of HCC. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma.