TAP1 and cancer: Taking into account the possible roles of cancer progression of each up-stream regulator and the causal network master regulators, which have already been elucidated (Table 3), we rationally speculate that IFIT2-related signaling or STAT3, GLI1, ZNF367, NKX3-2, ZIC2, HEY1, TAP1, and FBXL14 related signaling represent possible candidates involved in the underlying molecular mechanisms causing chemoresistance against GEM or PTX, respectively, in addition to three possible factors, i.e., FABP5, IQSEC3, and GASK1B as above.