Gene enrichment studies showed positive regulation of the TGFβ receptor signaling pathway in the NEC + mAb group compared to the NEC group, as depicted by the heat map in Figure 6A. Expression of the TGFβ pathway gene Foxo4 (Figure 6E) was reduced in the NEC group compared to the Ctrl + mAb group (p = 1.88 × 10−4). Here, FOXO4 is linked to necrotizing enterocolitis.