VDAC1 and Alzheimer disease: Redox proteomics studies from the Butterfield laboratory led to the identification of a large number of nitrated proteins in AD brains compared to control brains, including alpha- and gamma-enolase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), neuropolypeptide h3, TPI and alpha-actin in AD inferior parietal lobule (IPL) [116], and alpha-enolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ATP synthase alpha-chain, carbonic anhydrase-II, and voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein in the AD hippocampus [124].