In agreement, in aortic valves from our cohort of CAVD patients, LOX mRNA levels positively correlated with the expression of the osteogenic markers RUNX2 and SPP1 (coding for OPN), as well as NOX2, one of the main NADPH oxidases involved in ROS production in CVC [9,21,22,23] (Figure 4A). This evidence concerns the gene FMO5 and congenital bilateral aplasia of vas deferens from CFTR mutation.