PTX3 and juvenile polyposis syndrome: In this regard, IL-10 synergizes with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (e.g., lipopolysaccharides (LPSs)) and IL-1β to promote the synthesis and release of PTX3 by myeloid cells (primary cellular players in PJI pathogenesis), thus pointing to this pentraxin as an important modulator of inflammation (e.g., in the context of bone infections) [25].