EIF2AK3 and neurodegenerative disease: Another study demonstrated that lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from EIF2AK3 haplotype B-expressing individuals had enhanced PERK activity compared to those lines derived from EIF2AK3 haplotype A-expressing individuals (Liu et al. 2012); furthermore, PERK inhibition by small-molecule inhibitors or by modulation of eIF2α phosphorylation was reported to alleviate neurological deficits and pathology in small animal models of several neurodegenerative diseases (Devi and Ohno 2014; Mercado et al. 2018; Vaccaro et al. 2013).