IGFBP3 and breast cancer: Additionally, paclitaxel treatment of breast cancer mice causes a large accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the tumor site, which stimulates the secretion of cytokines such as IL-10, IL-4, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and CXCL1 and promotes the transformation of macrophages to the immunosuppressive phenotype [82].