They noted that hematopoiesis is stimulated by factors such as smoking (heavy smokers, >2 pack years), high-intensity sports (long-distance running, free diving), obesity and associated respiratory disorders, diabetes, chronic diseases associated with anemia (chronic inflammatory diseases), and treatment with hematopoietic growth factors (such as G-CSF formulations), resulting in the reconversion from yellow adipose marrow to red marrow. The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is Obesity.