MTOR and viral infectious disease: Besides that, viral infection can activate the Akt-mTOR pathway, which can lead to cellular autophagy [29], and on the other hand the activation of cellular Akt-mTOR-S6K pathway, especially the downstream signaling S6K, has been reported to promote the secretion of type I interferon [21,23], which plays a crucial role in the innate immune antiviral process [30].