Among those circulating microRNAs which suppress BDNF synthesis, some were found to be involved in the physiopathology of neuropsychiatric disorders and disease such as anxiety/depression—miR-182, miR-206-3p, miR-1-3p, MiR-16, miR-124, miR-432, and miR-182 [29,36,37,113,160,184,187,188]; schizophrenia—miR-16, miR-195, and miR-30a-5p [19,20,165,193]; Parkinson’s disease—miR-494-3p [144]; and dementia—miR-10a, miR-34a-5p, miR-204, and miR-613 [40,50,84,89,121,123,124,194]. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is schizophrenia.