Spermatogenesis and fertility were normal conditions after Lcn8 or Lcn9 inactivation in the epididymis, while Lcn8 ablation caused an increased teratospermia rate, sperm motility, and acrosome reaction frequency deficiency, indicating its indispensable role in sperm maturation [186]. This evidence concerns the gene LCN8 and Abnormal sperm morphology.