Diving further into the positive-feedback-loop-like response by which AD pathology promotes neuroinflammation and vice versa, chronic Aβ deposition leads to microgliosis, which is the activation of microglia to an insult, promoting the upregulated synthesis and release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6, and the reduced release of anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4 and IL-10 (Figure 3) [49]. Here, TNF is linked to Alzheimer disease.