The study encompassed 63 participants, distributed across various groups: 15 individuals in Group A, designated as the “healthy control”; 11 in Group B referred to as “ALSP group”; 7 in Group C, labeled “asymptomatic CSF1R carriers”; 15 in Group D, termed “adult-onset leukodystrophy control group”; and 15 in Group E, denoted “ALS group”. The gene discussed is CSF1R; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.