ANXA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Furthermore, the study by Zhu et al. affirmed the key role of inflammation in the occurrence and progression of HCC, emphasizing that annexin A3 (ANXA3) is involved in reshaping the immune microenvironment by upregulating the infiltrating neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (iNLR), thereby promoting tumorigenesis in HCC [19].