NLCs protect CLL cells against apoptosis through various cytokines, including a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL), B-cell activating factor (BAFF), CXCL12, CD31, Plexin B1, CCL3 and CCL4 (73, 77–80). The gene discussed is CXCL12; the disease is B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.