Compared with the normal group, the tumour group showed much more information flow and closer association in the following signalling pathways defined in CellChatDB: SPP1, ANNEXIN, IL1, SELL, GDF, BAFF, PARS, ANGPT, EDN, CD23, INF‐II, OSM, SEMA6, ESAM, EPHB, and NEGR (Figure 2F). This evidence concerns the gene PAEP and neoplasm.