TUBB4B and cancer: Moreover, ECT2 and GINS2 have roles in breast cancer81,82, RAD51AP1 plays a role in ovarian cancer84, RFC3 is involved in gastric and colorectal cancer85, and RFC4 is associated with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma86, Notably, GINS2 and TUBB4B are involved in regulating cancer stem cells, PARD6A plays a role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition87, and RAD51AP1 promotes cancer development84.