IFNAR1 and viral infectious disease: However, unlike patients with impaired IFNAR signaling [2, 170], patients who are genetically impaired in IFN-I production downstream of TLR7/8/9 signaling do not appear to suffer from life-threatening viral infections [44, 161, 169], except for respiratory IAV and SARS-CoV-2 infections [34, 136, 160, 162, 166, 167].