Moreover, KRAS-mutant NSCLC is a highly heterogeneous disease characterized by a high rate of co-mutations, mostly involving TP53, STK11, and KEAP1 mutations, which significantly modulate the composition of the tumor microenvironment and consequently affect clinical responses to both immunotherapy and targeted inhibitors currently available in clinical practice.11 This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and non-small cell lung carcinoma.