It has been shown that the dysfunction of SV2A which regulates the action potential-dependent neurotransmitter release may be involved in epileptogenesis since SV2A expression in the brain was elevated specifically in the dentate hilus in PTZ kindling and down-regulated in the anterior temporal neocortex in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia [40]. The gene discussed is SV2A; the disease is Focal cortical dysplasia.