In the validation set, the AUCs of different cohorts also demonstrated good predictive efficacy (Figures 4H, I), in which the AUCs of KLRF1, GZMK, KLRB1, CD40LG, and IL7R were 0.719, 0.828, 0.700, 0.834, and 0.891, respectively, in the IBD validation set (GSE126124) (Figure 4H), and in the SLE validation set (GSE81622), the AUCs of all diagnostic markers were greater than 0.8, except for GZMK, whose AUC was less than 0.700 (Figure 4I). The gene discussed is GZMK; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.