Since the identification of the CD47-SIRPα axis as the first phagocytosis checkpoint, other phagocytosis checkpoints involved in evasion of tumor cells from phagocytic clearance have been discovered, including the PD-1-PD-L1 axis, the MHC-I-LILRB1 axis and CD24-Siglec-10 axis 3-6. This evidence concerns the gene CD47 and neoplasm.