The middle panel with Congo red staining shows that eosinophils were abundant in the eosinophil-dominant CRSwNP patients; in the right panel, CD138-positive cells were more abundant in the plasma cell-dominant CRSwNP patients than in the eosinophil-dominant CRSwNP patients (Fig. 1a). Here, SDC1 is linked to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.