Notably, the metabolic enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolisms, such as fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2), acyl-CoA thioesterase 1 (ACOT1), and acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (ACAA1), as well as enzymes involved in glycolysis, such as phosphofructokinase (PFKM), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC), and enolase 3 (ENO3), exhibited distinct metabolic phenotypes in HBV-associated HCC compared to their adjacent tissue. Here, FADS1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.