IL6 and glioblastoma: In the validation step as shown in Fig. 4, and Table 2, genes (FN1, CXCL8, and TNFRSF1A) from the GEPIA2 dataset, genes (IL6, STAT3, MMP9, FN1, CD4, CCL2, IL10, ICAM1, KDR, MYD88, MDM2) from the mRNA_seq325 of the CCGA, and genes (FN1, NOTCH1, CDKN2A) from the mRNA_seq693 of the CCGA cohort were associated significantly with overall survival in GBM patients.