MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the extracellular deposition and self-aggregation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) into various types of Aβ deposits [22, 34], along with the intraneuronal accumulation and self-assembly of abnormally phosphorylated Tau proteins (pTau) into neurofibrillary tangles [14, 36, 37].