Excitingly, our data shows that upregulation of ST6GAL1 in prostate cancer cells significantly increases expression of CD206 on macrophages, suggesting a shift toward a more immunosuppressive M2 phenotype (Two-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001) which was not dependent upon CSF1 (Fig. 4i). This evidence concerns the gene CSF1 and prostate carcinoma.