However, K98 also induced the de-differentiation of the HLCs and a decrease in the expression of the mature hepatocyte markers CYP3A4, Albumin and NTCP (Supplementary Figs. 3D–F), and we hypothesize that this is the reason that we observe reduced parasite infection in K98-treated cells. Here, CYP3A4 is linked to parasitic infectious disease.