VIM and hepatocellular carcinoma: Similar to HCC, where the advanced disease stage has a mesenchymal CTC phenotype, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) also has CTCs that have the mesenchymal surface marker vimentin on their surface, which could differentiate PDAC patients from healthy patients (about 76% were positive for vimentin + CTCs) (Wei et al., 2019; Arnoletti et al., 2022).