PDGFD and stroke disorder: Next, we used RNAscope® multiplex F.I.S.H (Fig. 4g), and found that PDGF-D potently increased the expression of PDGFRβ mRNA transcripts (VEH-24 H vs. P250-1 W, P = 0.0007; VEH-1 W vs. P250-1 W, P = 0.0040) (Fig. 4h), associated with an increased co-expression of IGF1 mRNA transcripts with PDGFRβ mRNA transcripts 1 week after stroke (P = 0.0148) (Fig. 4i).