These results were surprising, as this panel included proteins that had previously been associated with both AKI phenotypes and AKI recovery among cirrhosis patients (e.g., neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], kidney injury molecule-1).30–33 One possibility for this discordance was the utilization of serum as opposed to urine for this study. This evidence concerns the gene HAVCR1 and acute kidney injury.