SERPINE1 and heart failure: Therefore, we performed the two-sample MR analyses to investigate the causal effect of DNA methylation related parameters (DNA methylation-estimated granulocyte proportions, DNA methylation Grim Age acceleration, DNA methylation Hannum age acceleration, DNA methylation-estimated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels, DNA methylation PhenoAge acceleration) on different CVD events (myocardial infarction, pulmonary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease, ischemic heart diseases, valvular heart disease).