TGF superfamily members promote their biological responses by binding to transmembrane serine/threonine kinases, known as TGF superfamily receptors.(10-12) In a study aimed to determine whether leiomyoma, adenomyosis, and endometrial polyps are associated with changes in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and cytokines in the endometrial cavity, it was noted that the TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher than those of the control group.(13). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is leiomyoma.