Specific genetic mutations have been found in a small number of these cancers, namely GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) virus mutations are seen in papillary renal cell cancers with reverse polarity [13], neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) mutation is seen in biphasic hyalinizing psammomatous renal cell tumours [18], and EWSR1-PATZ1 fusion is seen in thyroid-like follicular (TLF)-RCC [19]. The gene discussed is GATA3; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.