Transcription factor binding to IGHM enhancer 3 (TFE3)-rearranged, TFEB-altered, elongin C (ELOC)-mutated (formerly TCEB1)-mutated, fumarate hydratase (FH)-deficient, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged, and SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily B member 1 (SMARCB1)-deficient renal cell carcinomas are molecularly defined entities. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and renal cell carcinoma.