The study assessed multiple parameters related to lipid and glucose metabolism, which encompassed total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fructosamine, and glucose levels. Additionally, blood pressure was measured as an indicator of cardiovascular disease risk. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.