AKT1 and renal cell carcinoma: In comparison to the Control group, the levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, p-P38/P38, and p-ERK/ERK were found to be lower in RCC cells of 1, 5 and 10 mg/mL RAC (P < 0.05).