GDF15 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The iAUC of total GDF15 was likewise similar (p = 0.44), whereas H-specific GDF15 displayed a more accentuated time-related increasing trend in individuals with normal weight (p-time < 0.001) as indicated by a markedly higher iAUC (2336 ± 3720 vs. − 908 ± 3927 in people with normal weight vs. with obesity, respectively; p = 0.02) (Fig. 1).