NAT10 and neoplasm: So far, NAT10 is the only acetyltransferase known to catalyze ac4C modification, and current research on ac4C modification and NAT10 mainly focuses on mRNA in multiple physiological and pathological conditions, including self-renewal of embryonic stem cells [57], metastasis [32, 58] and drug resistance [59] of the tumor, osteogenesis of BMSCs [60] and human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection [61].