Results of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining showed that higher staining signals of CD68, CD3, CD4, and CD8 were detected in the GAS5-high group than in the GAS5-low group (Fig. 1A, B), suggesting NSCLC tissues with higher GAS5 expression levels were infiltrated with more immune cells. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.