Remarkably, our in vitro respiratory cell study revealed that TGF-β1 also amplifies NLRP3 expression in downstream pathway, suggesting the autocrine activation of TGF-β1 in NLRP3 pathway in the obesity model, and this phenomenon can also be attenuated through PCSK9 inhibition or statin administration. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.