AIF1 and Sepsis: As shown in Fig. 5C and D, immunofluorescence images of the hippocampus and cortex were taken on the first and seventh days after sepsis, showing a significant increase in the number of Iba-1-positive cells (****p < 0.0001, ****p < 0.0001 vs. sham group), while the number of activated microglia in the cortex and hippocampus of the OXA-treated group was significantly reduced (****p < 0.0001, ****p < 0.0001 vs. CLP group).