A meta-analysis by Benedetti et al indicated that SGLT-2 inhibitors were significantly associated with a reduced overall cancer risk compared with placebo (RR = 0.35, CI 0.33–0.37).[43] In the meantime, there was no significant difference in the preventive effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors versus DPP-4 inhibitors on prostate cancer in this cohort study. This evidence concerns the gene DPP4 and prostate carcinoma.