To determine whether the IFN-α/β/IFN-γ/IL-15 pathways can be used as a tool to predict survival and response to ICB, we analyzed four cohorts with patients who had received ICB therapy, including the Gide (melanoma, n = 73) [13], Liu (melanoma, n = 121) [14], Riaz (melanoma, n = 51) [15], and van Allen (melanoma, n = 41) [16] cohorts (Fig. 1a). Here, IFNA17 is linked to melanoma.