PIK3CD and cancer: When overlapping these DMGs from 850k chip, DEGs from both cell RNA-seq and TCGA database, the hallmark gene set enrichment analysis identified pathways closely linked to epithelial malignancy and cancer progression, including Hedgehog, Hypoxia, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, P53 and epithelial- mesenchymal- transition (Fig. 3H).